Inside of an Airport

Different type of airport

Nowadays, people regularly fly to different countries on their holidays. Airports play an important role in flying onboard. Do you know how airports function every day?

There are mainly three types of airports: linear, satellite, and pier airports. Since 1938, the first pier airport debuted at Manchester Airport in the United Kingdom. However, do you know what the main differences are between these types and how they can positively or negatively impact us as users?

Linear Terminal

A linear airport is the first type of airport created; this is the least designed and least efficient type of airport. As the name suggests, a linear terminal has only one line where planes are parked on one side and people are dropped off on the other side of the terminal. People can only go through a straight linear path to get to their gate. The disadvantage is low efficiency, as planes have to wait and queue to get to the runway. Additionally, these linear terminal airports usually have a smaller operational size, which means they might have only one runway (or a maximum of two).

A classic example of this is a curved terminal (the curved version of linear), such as Macau International Airport (MFM). From this 720,000 population country, the airport operates only 120 flights per day. The 10 gates at MFM allow 120 flights to take off each day. This makes the airport's demand easily saturated.


Photo Taken From: https:earth.google.com

Other examples like LCY, SJC and SNA are also operated linearly. [2]

Pier Terminal

A pier-type airport is a building that has branches like an amylopsin shape. These airports usually have more ends and different terminals (ends). The advantages of these airports are that more runways can be used and more planes can taxi at the same time. In addition, users of the airport can spend less time walking to their gates, so they do not spend as much time as in other types of airports. The only disadvantage is that planes take much longer to get to their gates after they have landed.

An example of a pier terminal is Beijing Daxing International Airport (PKX). From a bird's-eye view, the airport has a fantastic aesthetic. In this image, the runway is not visible, indicating that it is far away from the gates.

These types of airports are more common, so more modern airports use this design. For example, MIA, FRA, and SFO are busy airports that serve a large population each day.

Satellite Terminal

These types of airports do not only contain one structure; usually, the terminals are separated into multiple buildings, which require people to take a people mover to get to their terminal. The main disadvantage of this type of terminal is that users have to take a long transport system (usually underground) to get to their gates. However, satellite terminals allow planes to reach the runway more quickly and reduce taxiing time.

Hybridisation

Hong Kong International Airport, the fourth busiest airport in 2019, experiences high demand for airport services. The HK Government plans to develop the 2030 HKIA Plan, which includes adding a third runway to accommodate 40% more demand and refurbishing Terminal 2, which was launched in 2007. At HKIA, they utilize hybridization in the terminal by combining a pier terminal (Gates 1-60), a midfield concourse (Satellite Gates 201-220), and the North Satellite (Gates 501-520). This way, not only can passengers have efficient travel times, but airline companies can also rent gates depending on their demand.


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